TRANS
JAKARTA
TransJakarta is a bus rapid transit (BRT) system
in Jakarta, Indonesia. It was the first BRT
system in Southern and Southeast Asia. The TransJakarta system began operations
on January 25, 2004. As of February 14, 2013 the 12th corridor was added officially,
with 3 more currently corridors in progress. TransJakarta was designed to
provide Jakarta citizens with a fast public transportation system to help
reduce rush hour traffic. The buses run in special lanes and ticket prices are
subsidized by the regional government. At the 10th years of TransJakarta
operation anniversary, the buses carried more than 350,000 passengers per day
with more than 500 buses in operation and more than a hundred in maintenace and
for reserve. The subsidy per passenger-ticket in 2011 was around Rp 2,900
($0.29) and for 2012 the subsidy is expected be around Rp 2,100 ($0.21) per
passenger-ticket. Currently TransJakarta has the world's longest BRT routes
(172 km in length).
From January to July 2010 there were 237 accidents involving
TransJakarta buses, resulting in 57 injuries and eight deaths. Accidents
occurred due to pedestrians crossing the busway and cars making u-turns. In
2011, in an effort to stop non TransJakarta vehicles using the bus lanes, the
Jakarta Police Chief suggested that TransJakarta buses should run against the
direction of traffic flow. Usually
non-TransJakarta vehicles used busway lanes during peak hours between 6 a.m. to
9 a.m. and 4 p.m. to 7 p.m. On January 12, 2012 a policeman from Indonesian
Police Headquarters, who is hired by Securicor, fired his gun near
the ear of a TransJakarta officer, after threatening to kill him. The policeman
was angry after the TransJakarta officer stopped the Securicor car from
entering the busway lane which only allows TransJakarta buses, ambulances and
firefighter to enter. The police spokesman said that the policeman will be charged
by criminal law or disciplinary sanction.
Each bus is constructed with passengers' safety in
mind. For example the body frame is constructed using Galvanyl (Zn - Fe Alloy),
a strong and rust-resistant metal. There are also eight or ten glass-shattering
hammers mounted on some of the window frames, and three emergency doors for
fast evacuation during an emergency. There are also two fire extinguisher at
the front and back of the buses.The Mercedes-Benz OH and Hino RG air-conditioned buses
are painted red and yellow, with a picture of a young Brahminy Kite, which looks very
similar to a bald eagle
grasping a tree branch with three snakefruit on it. The buses use special fuel which is (a mix of diesel and biodiesel). For Corridor 2 (bus
colors: blue and white) and 3 (bus colors: yellow and red), the buses are CNG-fueled Daewoo
buses imported from South Korea. Due to various coachbuilders being involved
and design tweaks applied over time, the exterior and interior appearance,
quality, and comfort varies between busses operating in the same corridor.
The
passenger doors are higher than on normal buses so that passengers can only
board from designated shelters. The doors employ automated folding mechanisms
which can be manually controlled by the driver. Because the normal folding
doors cannot open properly when the bus is overcrowded, buses on corridors II
and III use sliding doors in order to accommodate the surge of passengers
during rush hours. Protective full-height acrylic glass barriers are installed
behind passenger seats close to the sliding door mechanism.
Seats
in all buses face the aisle to optimize passengers' movement during rush hours.
Corridor 1 buses use comfortable cushioned bus seats, the buses from subsequent
corridors have less cushioned, hence less comfortable, seats.Each bus is
equipped with an electronic board and speakers that announce the name of
shelters in two languages, Indonesian and English. Each bus is also equipped
with a bi-directional radio transceiver to allow the driver to provide and
recaive updated information regarding traffic jams, road accidents or lost
items. To keep the air fresh, especially during rush hours each bus is equipped
with automatic air freshener dispensers which periodically spray car fragrance.
During rush hours, people from upper or middle classes
(one of the main targets of TransJakarta) usually prefer to use private cars or
taxis to avoid inconvenience of the overcrowded Transjakarta buses even though
they have to bear with traffic jams instead. Many passengers are thus
lower-middle-class people who are ex-users of other less comfortable and/or
more expensive commercial buses.
This
situation is at odds with one of the initial objectives of TransJakarta which
was to reduce traffic jam during rush hours by persuading private car owners to
use comfortable public transport. There is a special program for the student groups
called Transjakarta goes to school. Participants in program there are
assigned a dedicated bus. The aim is to train students to stand in line, be
decent, and prefer public transport than personal vehicles.
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